Quick Takeaways:
The English language has a rich history of borrowing words from other languages, especially from Latin. Latin abbreviations such as ‘a.m.’, ‘p.m.’ and ‘CV’ have become part of our everyday vocabulary. Such abbreviations are also frequently used in academic writing, from the ‘Ph.D.’ in the affiliation section to the ‘i.e.’, ‘e.g.’, ‘et al.’, and ‘QED’ in the rest of the paper.
This guide explains when and how to correctly use ‘et al.’ in a research paper.
在任何定量研究中，您需要在為研究問題 (Research question)及研究假設 (Hypothesis)下定義後進一步描述您的研究方法 (Methodology)。我們將會在這一期網誌討論如何為您的定量研究寫好「研究方法」部分。
一個清楚有效的「研究方法」部分可以準確描述您如何執行您的研究，以及讓其他研究人員可以:
⦁ 評估您的研究及
⦁ 複製或延伸您的研究
您的「研究方法」部分應該要為該研究中各項目的邏輯次序提供一個清楚而簡潔的描述。
給論文作者的小貼士:
⦁ 運用分段小節 (Sub-sections)去組織資料
⦁ 在每一個分段小節開始時先交代最重要的資料
您的「研究方法」部分的內容結構會因應不同研究類型而有所不同，但一般來說，您都需要將下面所提及的資料包括在內 (您可以跟從相似的順序，但當然並非永遠絕對):
給論文作者的小竅門:
撰寫「研究方法」部分的目的是要描述您在研究中到底做了些什麼，所以一般我們都會用過去式 (Simple Past Tense)及被動語態 (Passive Voice)去寫。
例如:
“This was an experimental study”
“Data were collected using an Internet questionnaire”
“Participants were tested in a laboratory at the university”
但是，當要形容一個常用技術或方法，或陳述一個已知事實時，很多時候我們會比較用到現在式 (Present Tense)。
例如:
“It is important to select the most appropriate parameters for optimisation”
“Generally, the raw signal is saved in a single file to simplify the averaging process”
“The 15-item questionnaire measures attitudes towards mental health”
我們已經討論過您需要在寫「研究方法」部分時包括什麼資料及應注意的地方。但以下是我們的經驗之談，分享一些您要避免的細節:
Wondering why some abbreviations such as ‘et al.’ and ‘e.g.’ use periods, whereas others such as CV and AD don’t? Periods are typically used if the abbreviations include lowercase or mixed-case letters. They’re usually not used with abbreviations containing only uppercase letters.
Our latest online workshop built on the success of face-to-face workshops we developed specifically for local universities. Over 30 faculty members joined the session, presented by our Chief Operating Officer, Mr Nick Case, to learn from our case studies on editing research proposals.
The response to our workshop, which included a constructive and insightful Q&A session, was very positive.Drawing on our extensive experience working with hundreds of Hong Kong researchers targeting the GRF and ECS every year, we used examples of poor and subsequently improved proposals to show the attendees how they can make their applications stand out. The response to our workshop, which included a constructive and insightful Q&A session, was very positive.Drawing on our extensive experience working with hundreds of Hong Kong researchers targeting the GRF and ECS every year, we used examples of poor and subsequently improved proposals to show the attendees how they can make their applications stand out. The response to our workshop, which included a constructive and insightful Q&A session, was very positive.Drawing on our extensive experience working with hundreds of Hong Kong researchers targeting the GRF and ECS every year, we used examples of poor and subsequently improved proposals to show the attendees how they can make their applications stand out.
Wondering why some abbreviations such as ‘et al.’ and ‘e.g.’ use periods, whereas others such as CV and AD don’t? Periods are typically used if the abbreviations include lowercase or mixed-case letters. They’re usually not used with abbreviations containing only uppercase letters.
Rachel於2001年剛在 University of Exeter 取得博士學位的同時以自由編輯的身份首次加入我們。在擔任博士後研究人員數年之後，她專注於大學教授心理學，並於2010年回到AsiaEdit，並專注於學術編輯專業。她於2018年升任助理總編輯，並於2020年繼而成為我們的聯合主編。由於無法完全離開學術界，她還在意大利的一所英語大學教授心理學。
您的日程安排，我們最關切 AsiaEdit 採用個性化的編修方法。
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